A federal appeals court has cleared the way for Louisiana to require public school classrooms to display the Ten Commandments, according to a report by the Associated Press (AP News). The ruling marks a significant development in an ongoing national debate over religion in public education.
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit voted 12–6 to lift a block that had prevented the law from taking effect in 2024. The full court reheard the case after a three-judge panel had earlier ruled that the Louisiana law was unconstitutional. With Friday’s decision, the earlier block has been removed, allowing the measure to move forward while legal questions continue.
In its majority opinion, the court said it is too early to decide whether the law violates the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Judges stated that key details about how the law will be implemented are still unknown.
Court says constitutional questions depend on implementation
As reported by AP News, the majority said there is not enough factual information to determine whether the displays would amount to government endorsement of religion. The opinion noted that it remains unclear how prominently schools will display the posters, whether teachers will reference the Ten Commandments during instruction, and whether other historical documents — such as the Mayflower Compact or the Declaration of Independence — will also be posted alongside them.
Without these details, the judges said they could not properly assess whether the law violates the Establishment Clause, which prohibits the government from establishing or endorsing religion. The court wrote that constitutional decisions must be based on concrete facts, not speculation about what might happen in classrooms.
Judge James Ho, an appointee of Donald Trump, wrote in a concurring opinion that the law is consistent with the nation’s historical traditions.
He described the requirement as affirming long-standing practices of recognizing faith in public life.
However, six judges strongly disagreed. Judge James L. Dennis, appointed by Bill Clinton, argued in dissent that the law exposes students to government-endorsed religion in a setting where attendance is mandatory. He wrote that such a measure is precisely what the framers of the Constitution sought to prevent.
Political reactions and legal challenges
Louisiana Governor Jeff Landry welcomed the ruling. According to AP News, he celebrated the decision and said it signals a return to “common sense.”
Louisiana Attorney General Liz Murrill also responded to the ruling, stating that her office had already sent schools approved examples of the required Ten Commandments poster.
Civil rights groups sharply criticized the decision. The ACLU of Louisiana, which represents several families challenging the law, said it would continue exploring legal options.
The Freedom From Religion Foundation, another group involved in the case, called the ruling “extremely disappointing. ” The group warned that families may have to challenge the displays district by district if the law remains in place.
Families from Christian, Jewish, Hindu and nonreligious backgrounds are among those who have challenged the measure, arguing that it places government authority behind a specific religious text.
Broader national context and past Supreme Court rulings
The case comes as several Republican-led states push for greater religious presence in public schools. Similar laws have been introduced or challenged in Arkansas and Texas. In Texas, some school districts have already posted the Ten Commandments in classrooms, while others were temporarily blocked by federal judges.
The Supreme Court of the United States has addressed similar issues in the past. In 1980, it struck down a Kentucky law that required Ten Commandments displays in public school classrooms, ruling that it violated the Establishment Clause because it lacked a secular purpose.
In 2005, the Supreme Court ruled that Ten Commandments displays in Kentucky courthouses were unconstitutional. However, in a separate case that same year, it upheld a Ten Commandments monument on the grounds of the Texas State Capitol, finding that its historical context mattered.
Given those precedents, legal experts say the Louisiana case could eventually reach the Supreme Court. For now, as AP News reported, the appeals court’s decision allows the law to take effect while broader constitutional questions remain unresolved.
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